La fonction prop.test() <\/b>permet de savoir si deux proportions mesur\u00e9es sont identiques ou non.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Pour r\u00e9aliser ce test il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019avoir un \u00e9chantillonnage al\u00e9atoire dans chaque \u00e9chantillon, que chaque effectif soit sup\u00e9rieur ou \u00e9gal \u00e0 5 et que tous les \u00e9chantillons soient ind\u00e9pendants.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Exemple : On se demande si la proportion de fumeuses est diff\u00e9rente de celle des fumeurs<\/p>\n
\n\nmat<-matrix(c(15,10,15,20),2)\n\ndimnames(mat) <- list(c(\"homme\",\"femme\") ,c(\"oui\",\"non\"))\n\n\u00a0\n\n> mat\n\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 oui non\n\nhomme \u00a015\u00a0 15\n\nfemme\u00a0 10\u00a0 20\n\n\u00a0\n\n#On obtient une matrice avec 4 effectifs supp\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 5\n\n\u00a0\n\nprop.test(mat)\n\n\u00a0\n\n# \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02-sample test for equality of proportions with continuity\n\n# \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0correction\n\n\u00a0\n\n#data:\u00a0 mat\n\n#X-squared = 1.0971, df = 1, p-value = 0.2949\n\n#alternative hypothesis: two.sided\n\n#95 percent confidence interval:\n\n# -0.1125679\u00a0 0.4459012\n\n#sample estimates:\n\n# \u00a0 prop 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 prop 2\n\n#0.5000000 0.3333333\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
La p-value est sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 0.05, nous consid\u00e9rons donc que les proportions ne sont pas significativement diff\u00e9rentes\u00a0: la proportion de fumeuses n\u2019est pas significativement diff\u00e9rente de celle des fumeurs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
La fonction prop.test() permet de savoir si deux proportions mesur\u00e9es sont identiques ou non. \u00a0 Pour r\u00e9aliser ce test il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019avoir un \u00e9chantillonnage al\u00e9atoire dans chaque \u00e9chantillon, que chaque effectif soit sup\u00e9rieur ou \u00e9gal \u00e0 5 et que tous les \u00e9chantillons soient ind\u00e9pendants. \u00a0 Exemple : On se demande si la proportion de fumeuses est diff\u00e9rente de celle des fumeurs mat<-matrix(c(15,10,15,20),2) dimnames(mat) <- list(c(\u00ab\u00a0homme\u00a0\u00bb,\u00a0\u00bbfemme\u00a0\u00bb) ,c(\u00ab\u00a0oui\u00a0\u00bb,\u00a0\u00bbnon\u00a0\u00bb)) \u00a0 > mat \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 oui non homme \u00a015\u00a0 15 femme\u00a0 10\u00a0 20 \u00a0 #On obtient une matrice avec 4 effectifs supp\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 5 \u00a0 prop.test(mat) \u00a0 # \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02-sample test for equality of proportions with continuityRead More →<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"twitter_399453572_399453572":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"entry","1":"post","2":"publish","3":"author-helene","4":"post-3181","6":"format-standard","7":"category-test"},"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9O7Sx-Pj","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3181"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4293,"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3181\/revisions\/4293"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkr.fr\/abcdr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}